Publications
2023
Munns, M. E., He, C., Topete, A., & Hegarty, M. (2023). Visualizing Cross-Sections of 3D Objects: Developing Efficient Measures Using Item Response Theory. Journal of Intelligence, 11(11), 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence11110205
He, C., Boone, A. P., Hegarty M. (2023). Measuring configural spatial knowledge: individual differences in correlations between pointing and shortcutting. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-023-02266-6
Walkowiak, S., Coutrot, A., Hegarty, M., Velasco, P. F., Wiener, J. M., Dalton, R. C., Holscher, C., Hornberger, M, Spiers, H. J. & Manley, E. (2023). Cultural determinants of the gap between self-estimated navigation ability and wayfinding performance: evidence from 46 countries. Scientific Reports. 13, 10844. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30937-w
2022
Cheng, Y.*, He, C.*, Hegarty, M., & Chrastil, E.R. (2022). Who believes they are good navigators? A machine learning pipeline highlights the impact of gender, commuting time, and education. Machine Learning with Applications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2022.100419
* denotes equal authorship
Newcombe, N. S., Hegarty, M., Uttal, D. (2022). Building a Cognitive Science of Human Variation: Individual Differences in Spatial Navigation. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12626
He, C. Chrastil, E. R., & Hegarty, M. (2022). A New Psychometric Task Measuring Spatial Perspective Taking in Ambulatory Virtual Reality. Frontiers in Virtual Reality. https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2022.971502
Munns, M. E., Tranquada-Torres, B., Chrastil, E., & Hegarty, M. (2022). Large-Scale vs Small-Scale Spatial Abilities: Development of a Broad Spatial Activities Questionnaire. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 44. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7h71g8q8
He, C., Rathbun, Z., Buonauro, D., Meyerhoff, H., Franconeri, S., Stieff, M. & Hegarty, M. (2022). Symmetry and Spatial Ability Enhance Change Detection in Visuospatial Structures. Memory & Cognition. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-022-01332-z
He, C., Gunalp, P., Meyerhoff, H. S., Rathbun, Z., Stieff, M., Franconeri, S. L., & Hegarty, M. (2022). Visual working memory for connected 3D objects: effects of stimulus complexity, dimensionality and connectivity. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 7(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-022-00367-9
Hegarty, M., He, C., Boone, A. P., Yu, S., Jacobs, E. G., & Chrastil, E. R. (2022). Understanding Differences in Wayfinding Strategies. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12592
2021
Krichmar, J.L., & He, C. (2021). Importance of Path Planning Variability: A Simulation Study. Topics in Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12568
Gunalp, P., Chrastil, E. R., & Hegarty, M. (2021). Directionality eclipses agency: How both directional and social cues improve spatial perspective taking. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-021-01896-y
Harris, D., Lowrie, T., Logan, T., & Hegarty, M. (2021). Spatial Reasoning, mathematics and gender: Do spatial constructs differ in their contribution to performance? British Journal of Educational Psychology, 91, 409-441. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12371
Lowrie, T., Harris, D., Logan, T., & Hegarty, M. (2021). The impact of a spatial intervention program on secondary students’ spatial reasoning and mathematics performance. The Journal of Experimental Education, 89, 259-277. PDF
Meyerhoff, H. S., Jardine, N., Stieff, M., Hegarty, M., & Franconeri, S. (2021). Visual ZIP files: Viewers beat capacity limits by compressing redundant features across objects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 47(1), 103–115. https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000879
Yu, S., Boone, A. P. He, C., Davis, R. C., Hegarty, M., Chrastil, E. R. & Jacobs, E. G. (2021). Age-related changes in spatial navigation are evident by midlife and differ by sex. Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620979185
2020
Cheng, Y., Hegarty, M., & Chrastil, E. R. (2020). Telling right from right: the influence of handedness in the mental rotation of hands. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 5(1), 1-18. PDF
He, C., & Hegarty, M. (2020). How anxiety and growth mindset are linked to navigation ability: Impacts of exploration and GPS use. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 101475. doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101475
Hegarty, M. (2020). Of course our program is error free – not! In R. J. Sternberg (Ed). My Biggest Research Mistake. Los Angeles: Sage (pp. 159-161).
Stieff, M., Werner, S., DeSutter, D., Franconeri, S., & Hegarty, M. (2020). Visual chunking as a strategy for spatial thinking in STEM. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications. PDF
2019
Boone, A. P., Maghen, B. & Hegarty, M. (2019). Instructions matter: Individual and sex differences in navigation strategy and ability. Memory & Cognition. doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00941-5
Friedman, A., Kohler, B., Gunalp, P., Boone, A. P., & Hegarty, M. (2019). A computerized spatial orientation test. Behavior Research Methods, 52(2), 799-812. doi.org/10.3758/s13428-019-01277-3
Gunalp, P., Moossaian, T., & Hegarty, M. (2019). Spatial perspective taking: Effects of social, directional, and interactive cues. Memory & Cognition, 1-13. doi.org/10.3758/s13421-019-00910-y
Lowrie, T. Harris, D. Logan, T. & Hegarty. M. (2019). The impact of a spatial intervention program on secondary students’ spatial reasoning and mathematics performance. Journal of Experimental Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2019.1684869
Lowrie, T., Logan, T., & Hegarty, M. (2019). The influence of spatial visualization training on students’ spatial reasoning and mathematics performance. Journal of Cognition & Development. PDF
2018
Boone, A. P., Gunalp, P., & Hegarty, M. (2018). Explicit versus actionable knowledge: The influence of explaining graphical conventions on comprehension of hurricane forecast visualizations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 24(3). doi.org/10.1037/xap0000166
Boone, A. P., Gong, X., & Hegarty, M. (2018). Sex differences in navigation strategy and efficiency. Memory & Cognition, 46(6). doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0811-y
Burte, H., Turner, B. O., Miller, M. B., & Hegarty, M. (2018). The neural basis of individual differences in directional sense. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12. doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00410
Hegarty, M., Burte, H., & Boone, A. P. (2018). Individual differences in large-scale spatial abilities and strategies. In Handbook of Behavioral and Cognitive Geography. doi.org/10.4337/9781784717544.00022
Hegarty, M. (2018). Advances in cognitive science and information visualization. In Score Reporting Research and Applications (pp. 19-34). Routledge
Hegarty, M. (2018). Ability and sex differences in spatial thinking: What does the mental rotation test really measure? Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(3), 1212-1219. doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1347-z
Lowrie, T., Logan, T., Harris, D., & Hegarty, M. (2018). The impact of an intervention program on students’ spatial reasoning: student engagement through mathematics-enhanced learning activities. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 3(1), 50
Padilla, L. M., Creem-Regehr, S. H., Hegarty, M., & Stefanucci, J. K. (2018). Decision making with visualizations: a cognitive framework across disciplines. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 3(1), 29. doi.org/10.1186/s41235-018-0120-9
Stull, A. T., Gainer, M. J., & Hegarty, M. (2018). Learning by enacting: The role of embodiment in chemistry education. Learning and Instruction, 55, 80-92. doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2017.09.008
2017
Boone, A. P., & Hegarty, M. (2017). Sex differences in mental rotation tasks: Not just in the mental rotation process! Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(7). doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000370
Hegarty, M. (2017). Ability and sex differences in spatial thinking: What does the mental rotation test really measure? Psychonomic Bulletin and Review. doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1347-z
Liu, L. Boone, A., Ruginski, I., Padilla, L., Hegarty, M., Creem-Regehr, S. H., et al. (2017). Uncertainty visualization by representative sampling from prediction ensembles. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 23(9). doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2016.2607204
2016
Barrett, T. J., & Hegarty, M. (2016). Effects of interface and spatial ability on manipulation of virtual models in a STEM domain. Computers in Human Behavior, 65, 220–231. doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.06.026
Hegarty, M., Friedman, A., Boone, A. P., & Barrett, T. J. (2016). Where are you? The effect of uncertainty and its visual representation on location judgments in GPS-like displays. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied. doi.org/10.1037/xap0000103
Ruginski, I. T., Boone, A. P., Padilla, L. M., Liu, L., Heydari, N., Kramer, H. S., et al. (2016). Non-expert interpretations of hurricane forecast uncertainty visualizations. Spatial Cognition & Computation, 16, 154-172. doi:10.1080/13875868.2015.1137577
Shine, J. P., Valdés-Herrera, J. P., Hegarty, M., & Wolbers, T. (2016). The human retrosplenial cortex and thalamus code head direction in a global reference frame. Journal of Neuroscience, 36(24). doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1268-15.2016
Stull, A. T., Gainer, M., Padalkar, S., & Hegarty, M. (2016). Promoting representational competence with molecular models in organic chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education. doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00194
Stull, A. T., & Hegarty, M. (2016). Model manipulation and learning: Fostering representational competence with virtual and concrete models. Journal of Educational Psychology, 108(4), 509–527. doi.org/10.1037/edu0000077
Tarampi, M. R., Atit, K., Petcovic, H. L., Shipley, T. F., & Hegarty, M. (2016). Spatial skills in expert structural geologists. AAPG Special Volumes, In B. Krantz, C. Ormand & B. Freeman (Eds.), 3D Structural Interpretation: Earth, Mind, and Machine, 73. doi:10.1306/13561986M1113672
Tarampi, M. R., Heydari, N., & Hegarty, M. (2016). A tale of two types of perspective taking: Sex differences in spatial ability. Psychological Science. doi:10.1177/0956797616667459
2015
Barrett, T. J., Stull, A. T., Hsu, T. M., & Hegarty, M. (2015). Constrained interactivity for relating multiple representations in science: When virtual is better than real. Computers & Education, 81, 69–81. doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.09.009
Condon, D. M., Cohen, C. A., Revelle, W., Hegarty, M., & Uttal, D. H. (2015). Sense of direction: General factor saturation and association with the Big-Five traits. Personality & Individual Differences, (86). doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.05.023
Davies, C., Fabrikant, S. I., & Hegarty, M. (2015). Toward empirically verified cartographic displays. Handbook of Applied Perception Research. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press. doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511973017.043
Hegarty, M., Stieff, M., & Dixon, B. (2015). Reasoning with diagrams: Towards a broad ontology of spatial thinking strategies. In Space in mind: Concepts for Spatial Learning and Education (pp. 75-98). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
McKenzie, G., Hegarty, M., Barrett, T., & Goodchild, M. (2015). Assessing the effectiveness of different visualizations for judgments of positional uncertainty. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 1–19. doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2015.1082566
Padalkar, S., & Hegarty, M. (2015). Models as feedback: Developing representational competence in chemistry. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107, 451. doi.org/10.1037/a0037516
Xiao, C., Lian, Y., & Hegarty, M. (2015). Spatial updating of map-acquired representation. Memory & Cognition, 1–11. doi.org/10.3758/s13421-015-0520-8
2014
Adams, D. M., Stull, A. T., & Hegarty, M. (2014). Effects of mental and manual rotation training on mental and manual rotation performance. Spatial Cognition & Computation, 14, 169–198. doi.org/10.1080/13875868.2014.913050
Barrett, T. J., & Hegarty, M. (2014). Interaction design and the role of spatial ability in moderating virtual molecule manipulation performance. In P. Bello, M. Guarini, M. McShane, & B. Scassellati (Eds.) Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society. doi:0.13140/2.1.2600.3204
Cohen, C. A., & Hegarty, M. (2014). Visualizing cross sections: Training spatial thinking using interactive animations and virtual objects. Learning and Individual Differences, 33, 63–71. doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2014.04.002
Hegarty, M. (2014). Multimedia learning and the development of mental models. In Handbook of Multimedia (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hegarty, M. (2014). Spatial thinking in undergraduate science education. Spatial Cognition & Computation, 14, 142–167. doi.org/10.1080/13875868.2014.889696
Hegarty, M., Stieff, M., & Dixon, B. (2014). Reasoning with diagrams: Toward a broad ontology of spatial thinking strategies. Space in Mind: Concepts for Spatial Learning and Education, 75.
Janelle, D. G., Hegarty, M., & Newcombe, N. S. (2014). Spatial thinking across the college curriculum: A report on a specialist meeting. Spatial Cognition & Computation, 14, 124–141. doi.org/10.1080/13875868.2014.888558
Stieff, M., Dixon, B. L., Ryu, M., Kumi, B. C., & Hegarty, M. (2014). Strategy training eliminates sex differences in spatial problem solving in a stem domain. Journal of Educational Psychology, 106, 390. PDF
Zwick, R., Zapata-Rivera, D., & Hegarty, M. (2014). Comparing graphical and verbal representations of measurement error in test score reports. Educational Assessment, 19, 116–138. doi.org/10.1080/10627197.2014.903653
2013
Barrett, T. J., & Hegarty, M. (2013). Interface design and spatial cognition: A case of virtual molecule manipulation. In Proceedings of CogSci2013: 35th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society.
Burte, H., & Hegarty, M. (2013). Individual and strategy differences in an allocentric-heading recall task. In Proceedings of CogSci2013: 35th Annual Conference of the Cognitve Science Society. Berlin, Germany. PDF
Hegarty, M. (2013). Cognition, metacognition, and the design of maps. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22, 3–9. doi.org/10.1177/0963721412469395
Hegarty, M., Stieff, M., & Dixon, B. L. (2013). Cognitive change in mental models with experience in the domain of organic chemistry. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 25, 220–228. doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2012.725044
Khooshabeh, P., Hegarty, M., & Shipley, T. F. (2013). Individual differences in mental rotation: Piecemeal versus holistic processing. Experimental psychology, 60, 164.
McKenzie, G., Barrett, T. J., Hegarty, M., Thompson, W., & Goodchild, M. (2013). Assessing the effectiveness of visualizations for accurate judgements of geospatial uncertainty. In Visually-Supported Reasoning with Uncertainty Workshop, Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT '13). Scarborough, UK.
Stull, A. T., Barrett, T. J., & Hegarty, M. (2013). Usability of concrete and virtual models in chemistry instruction. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 2546–2556. doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.06.012
2012
Burte, H., & Hegarty, M. (2012). Revisiting the relationship between allocentric-heading recall and self-reported sense of direction. In Proceedings of CogSci2012: 34th Annual Conference of the Cognitve Science Society. Sapporo, Japan. PDF
Cohen, C. A., & Hegarty, M. (2012). Inferring cross sections of 3D objects: a new spatial thinking test. Learning and Individual Differences, 22, 868–874. doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2012.05.007
Hegarty, M., Smallman, H. S., & Stull, A. T. (2012). Choosing and using geospatial displays: Effects of design on performance and metacognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 18, 1. doi.org/10.1037/a0026625
Hegarty, M., & Stull, A. T. (2012). Visuospatial thinking. In K. J. Holyoak & R. G. Morrison (Eds.), Oxford library of psychology. The Oxford handbook of thinking and reasoning (pp. 606-630). New York, NY, US: Oxford University Press.
Padalkar, S., & Hegarty, M. (2012). Improving representational competence in chemistry with model-based feedback. Proceedings of CogSci2012: 34th Annual Conference of the Cognitve Science Society, 1–4. PDF
Stieff, M., Ryu, M., Dixon, B., & Hegarty, M. (2012). The role of spatial ability and strategy preference for spatial problem solving in organic chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 89, 854–859. doi.org/10.1021/ed200071d
Stull, A. T., Barrett, T. J., & Hegarty, M. (2012). Design of a virtual reality system for the study of diagram use in organic chemistry. In Diagrams Conference, Technology Enhanced Diagrams Research Workshop. Canterbury, England.
Stull, A. T., Hegarty, M., Dixon, B., & Stieff, M. (2012). Representational translation with concrete models in organic chemistry. Cognition and Instruction, 30, 404–434. doi.org/10.1080/07370008.2012.719956
2011
Adams, D. M., Stull, A. T., Roewer, I., & Hegarty, M. (2011). Effects of using mental and manual rotation training on mental and manual rotation performance. In Proceedings of CogSci 2011: 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Boston, MA. doi.org/10.1080/13875868.2014.913050
Hegarty, M. (2011). The cognitive science of visual-spatial displays: Implications for design. Topics in Cognitive Science, 3, 446–474. doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-8765.2011.01150.x
Hegarty, M. (2011). The role of spatial thinking in undergraduate science education. Third Committee Meeting on Status, Contributions, and Future Directions of Discipline-Based Education Research. PDF
Stieff, M., Hegarty, M., & Deslongchamps, G. (2011). Identifying representational competence with multi-representational displays. Cognition and Instruction, 29, 123–145. doi.org/10.1080/07370008.2010.507318
2010
Canham, M., & Hegarty, M. (2010). Effects of knowledge and display design on comprehension of complex graphics. Learning and Instruction, 20, 155–166. doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.02.014
Fabrikant, S. Irina., Hespanha, S. Rebich., & Hegarty, M. (2010). Cognitively inspired and perceptually salient graphic displays for efficient spatial inference making. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 100, 13–29. doi.org/10.1080/00045600903362378
Hegarty, M., Canham, M. S., & Fabrikant, S. I. (2010). Thinking about the weather: How display salience and knowledge affect performance in a graphic inference task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36, 37. doi.org/10.1037/a0017683
Hegarty, M., Crookes, R. D., Dara-Abrams, D., & Shipley, T. F. (2010). Do all science disciplines rely on spatial abilities? Preliminary evidence from self-report questionnaires. In Spatial Cognition VII (pp. 85–94). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14749-4_10
Hegarty, M. (2010). Components of spatial intelligence. Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 52, 265–297. doi.org/10.1016/S0079-7421(10)52007-3
Khooshabeh, P., & Hegarty, M. (2010). Inferring cross-sections: when internal visualizations are more important than properties of external visualizations. Human–Computer Interaction, 25, 119–147. doi.org/10.1080/07370020903586704
Khooshabeh, P., & Hegarty, M. (2010). Representations of shape during mental rotation. In AAAI Spring Symposium: Cognitive Shape Processing.
Stieff, M., Hegarty, M., & Dixon, B. (2010). Alternative strategies for spatial reasoning with diagrams. In Diagrammatic Representation and Inference (pp. 115–127). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14600-8_13
Stull, A. T., Hegarty, M., & Mayer, R. E. (2010). Anatomy learning with virtual objects. In AAAI Spring Symposium: Cognitive Shape Processing. PDF
Stull, A. T., Hegarty, M., Stieff, M., & Dixon, B. (2010). Does manipulating molecular models promote representation translation of diagrams in chemistry? In Diagrammatic Representation and Inference (pp. 338–344). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14600-8_47
Wolbers, T., & Hegarty, M. (2010). What determines our navigational abilities? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 14, 138–146. doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2010.01.001
2009
Hegarty, M., Keehner, M., Khooshabeh, P., & Montello, D. R. (2009). How spatial abilities enhance, and are enhanced by, dental education. Learning and Individual Differences, 19, 61–70. doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2008.04.006
Hegarty, M., Smallman, H. S., Stull, A. T., & Canham, M. S. (2009). Naive cartography: How intuitions about display configuration can hurt performance. Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization, 44, 171–186. doi.org/10.3138/carto.44.3.171
Stull, A. T., Hegarty, M., & Mayer, R. E. (2009). Getting a handle on learning anatomy with interactive three-dimensional graphics. Journal of Educational Psychology, 101, 803. doi.org/10.1037/a0016849
2008
Cohen, C. A., & Hegarty, M. (2008). Spatial visualization training using interactive animation. Cogn Instr.
DeLeeuw, K. E., & Hegarty, M. (2008). What diagrams reveal about representations in linear reasoning, and how they help. In Diagrammatic Representation and Inference (pp. 89–102). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87730-1_11
Hegarty, M., & Kriz, S. (2008). Effects of knowledge and spatial ability on learning from animation. Learning with Animation: Research Implications for Design, 3–29.
Hegarty, M., Smallman, H. S., & Stull, A. T. (2008). Decoupling of intuitions and performance in the use of complex visual displays. Proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Washington, DC, USA: Cognitive Science Society, 881–886. PDF
Keehner, M., Khooshabeh, P., & Hegarty, M. (2008). Individual differences among users: Implications for the design of 3D medical visualizations. User Centered Design for Medical Visualization, 1–24.
Keehner, M., Hegarty, M., Cohen, C., Khooshabeh, P., & Montello, D. R. (2008). Spatial reasoning with external visualizations: What matters is what you see, not whether you interact. Cognitive Science, 32, 1099–1132. doi.org/10.1080/03640210801898177
Khooshabeh, P., Hegarty, M., Keehner, M., & Cohen, C. (2008). Benefits of constrained interactivity in using a three-dimensional diagram. In Diagrammatic Representation and Inference (pp. 385–387). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87730-1_43
Khooshabeh, P., & Hegarty, M. (2008). Differential effects of color on mental rotation as a function of spatial ability. Spatial Cognition 2008: Poster Presentations, 21.
Khooshabeh, P., & Hegarty, M. (2008). How visual information affects a spatial task. Proceedings of Cognitive Science Society, Washington, DC.
Wolbers, T., Hegarty, M., Büchel, C., & Loomis, J. M. (2008). Spatial updating: how the brain keeps track of changing object locations during observer motion. Nature Neuroscience, 11, 1223–1230. doi.org/10.1038/nn.2189
2007
Cohen, C. A., & Hegarty, M. (2007). Individual differences in use of external visualisations to perform an internal visualisation task. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 21, 701–711.
Cohen, C. A., & Hegarty, M. (2007). Sources of difficulty in imagining cross sections of 3D objects. Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 179–184. PDF
Hegarty, M., Keehner, M., Cohen, C., Montello, D. R., & Lippa, Y. (2007). The role of spatial cognition in medicine: Applications for selecting and training professionals. Applied Spatial Cognition, 285–315.
Kozhevnikov, M., Motes, M. A., & Hegarty, M. (2007). Spatial visualization in physics problem solving. Cognitive Science, 31, 549–579. doi.org/10.1080/15326900701399897
Kriz, S., & Hegarty, M. (2007). Top-down and bottom-up influences on learning from animations. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 65, 911–930. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2007.06.005
Smallman, H. S., & Hegarty, M. (2007). Expertise, spatial ability and intuition in the use of complex visual displays. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 51, 200–204. doi.org/10.1177/154193120705100412
2006
Canham, M. S., & Hegarty, M. (2006). Effects of visual salience and knowledge on inferences from weather maps. Cognitive Science Society 28th Annual Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 26–29. PDF
Hegarty, M., Montello, D. R., Richardson, A. E., Ishikawa, T., & Lovelace, K. (2006). Spatial abilities at different scales: Individual differences in aptitude-test performance and spatial-layout learning. Intelligence, 34, 151–176. doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2005.09.005
Hegarty, M. (2006). Eye fixations and diagrammatic reasoning. In Diagrammatic Representation and Inference (pp. 13–15). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi.org/10.1007/11783183_3
Keehner, M., Guerin, S. A., Miller, M. B., Turk, D. J., & Hegarty, M. (2006). Modulation of neural activity by angle of rotation during imagined spatial transformations. Neuroimage, 33, 391–398. doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.06.043
Keehner, M., Lippa, Y., Montello, D. R., Tendick, F., & Hegarty, M. (2006). Learning a spatial skill for surgery: How the contributions of abilities change with practice. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 20, 487–503. doi.org/10.1002/acp.1198
2005
Anderson, M. L., Barkowsky, T., Berry, P., Blank, D., Chklovski, T., Domingos, P., et al. (2005). Reports on the 2005 AAAI Spring Symposium Series. AI Magazine, 26, 87.
Barkowsky, T., Freksa, C., Hegarty, M., & Lowe, R. K. (2005). Reasoning with mental and external diagrams: Computational modeling and spatial assistance. Proceedings, 21–23. PDF
Hegarty, M., & Waller, D. (2005). Individual differences in spatial abilities. The Cambridge Handbook of Visuospatial Thinking, 121–169.
Hegarty, M. (2005). Multimedia learning about physical systems. The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning, 447–465.
Hegarty, M., Mayer, S., Kriz, S., & Keehner, M. (2005). The role of gestures in mental animation. Spatial Cognition and Computation, 5, 333–356. doi.org/10.1207/s15427633scc0504_3
Kriz, S., & Hegarty, M. (2005). Spatial perspective in spoken descriptions of real world environments at different scales. Proceedings of XXVII Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Stresa, Italy. PDF
Mayer, R. E., Hegarty, M., Mayer, S., & Campbell, J. (2005). When static media promote active learning: annotated illustrations versus narrated animations in multimedia instruction. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 11, 256. doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.11.4.256
2004
Hegarty, M., Kozhevnikov, M., & Waller, D. (2004). Spatial orientation test. University of California.
Hegarty, M., & Waller, D. (2004). A dissociation between mental rotation and perspective-taking spatial abilities. Intelligence, 32, 175–191. doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2003.12.001
Hegarty, M. (2004). Diagrams in the mind and in the world: Relations between internal and external visualizations. In Diagrammatic Representation and Inference (pp. 1–13). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25931-2_1
Hegarty, M. (2004). Dynamic visualizations and learning: Getting to the difficult questions. Learning and Instruction, 14, 343–351. doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2004.06.007
Hegarty, M. (2004). Mechanical reasoning by mental simulation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8, 280–285. doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2004.04.001
Keehner, M., Cohen, C. A., Hegarty, M., & Montello, D. R. (2004). Cognitive factors and interactivity: Implications for the design and implementation of 3D computer visualizations for medical education. 12th Annual Medicine Meets Virtual Reality (MMVR12) Conference, 14–17.
Keehner, M., Montello, D. R., Hegarty, M., & Cohen, C. (2004). Effects of interactivity and spatial ability on the comprehension of spatial relations in a 3D computer visualization. Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Chicago, IL. PDF
Keehner, M. M., Tendick, F., Meng, M. V., Anwar, H. P., Hegarty, M., Stoller, M. L., & Duh, Q. - Y. (2004). Spatial ability, experience, and skill in laparoscopic surgery. The American Journal of Surgery, 188, 71–75. doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2003.12.059
Kriz, S., & Hegarty, M. (2004). Constructing and revising mental models of a mechanical system: The role of domain knowledge in understanding external visualizations. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. PDF
Montello, D. R., Waller, D., Hegarty, M., & Richardson, A. E. (2004). Spatial memory of real environments, virtual environments, and maps. Human Spatial Memory: Remembering Where, 251–285.
Rice, M., R Jacobson, D., Golledge, R. G., & Hegarty, M. (2004). Non-visual interfaces for interpreting spatial information: Force feedback and auditory interfaces for interpreting on-screen shapes. Cartography and Geographic Information Science (CaGIS).
2003
Hegarty, M., Kriz, S., & Cate, C. (2003). The roles of mental animations and external animations in understanding mechanical systems. Cognition and Instruction, 21, 209–249. doi.org/10.1207/s1532690xci2104_1
Hegarty, M. (2003). Individual differences in interacting with hypermedia manuals. DTIC Document.
2002
Hansen, S., Narayanan, N. H, & Hegarty, M. (2002). Designing educationally effective algorithm visualizations. Journal of Visual Languages & Computing, 13, 291–317. doi.org/10.1006/jvlc.2002.0236
Hegarty, M., Meyer, B., & Narayanan, N. H. (2002). Diagrammatic representation and inference: second international conference, diagrams 2002. Proceedings. Springer-Verlag.
Hegarty, M., Narayanan, N. H., & Freitas, P. (2002). Understanding machines from multimedia and hypermedia presentations. The Psychology of Science Text Comprehension, 357–384.
Hegarty, M., Richardson, A. E., Montello, D. R., Lovelace, K., & Subbiah, I. (2002). Development of a self-report measure of environmental spatial ability. Intelligence, 30, 425–447. doi.org/10.1016/S0160-2896(02)00116-2
Hegarty, M. (2002). Analysis and synthesis of hypermedia visualizations. DTIC Document.
Hegarty, M. (2002). Mental visualizations and external visualizations. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. PDF
Kozhevnikov, M., Hegarty, M., & Mayer, R. E. (2002). Revising the visualizer-verbalizer dimension: Evidence for two types of visualizers. Cognition and Instruction, 20, 47–77. doi.org/10.1207/S1532690XCI2001_3
Kozhevnikov, M., Hegarty, M., & Mayer, R. (2002). Spatial abilities in problem solving in kinematics. In Diagrammatic Representation and Reasoning (pp. 155–171). Springer London. doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0109-3_9
Meyer, B. E., Narayanan, N. H., & Hegarty, M. (2002). Diagrammatic representation and inference: Second international conference, diagrams 2002, Callaway Gardens, GA, USA, April 18-20, 2002: Proceedings. Springer.
Narayanan, N. H., & Hegarty, M. (2002). Multimedia design for communication of dynamic information. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 57, 279–315. doi.org/10.1006/ijhc.2002.1019
Waller, D., Montello, D. R., Richardson, A. E., & Hegarty, M. (2002). Orientation specificity and spatial updating of memories for layouts. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28, 1051. doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.28.6.1051
2001
Kozhevnikov, M., & Hegarty, M. (2001). A dissociation between object manipulation spatial ability and spatial orientation ability. Memory & Cognition, 29, 745–756. doi.org/10.3758/BF03200477
Kozhevnikov, M., & Hegarty, M. (2001). Impetus beliefs as default heuristics: Dissociation between explicit and implicit knowledge about motion. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8, 439–453. doi.org/10.3758/BF03196179
Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Rettinger, D. A., Shah, P., & Hegarty, M. (2001). How are visuospatial working memory, executive functioning, and spatial abilities related? A latent-variable analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 130, 621. doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.130.4.621
2000
Hegarty, M., Shah, P., & Miyake, A. (2000). Constraints on using the dual-task methodology to specify the degree of central executive involvement in cognitive tasks. Memory & Cognition, 28, 376–385. doi.org/10.3758/BF03198553
Hegarty, M. (2000). Capacity limits in diagrammatic reasoning. In Theory and Application of Diagrams, (pp. 194–206). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44590-0_19
Narayanan, N.H., & Hegarty, M. (2000). Communicating dynamic behaviors: Are interactive multimedia presentations better than static mixed-mode presentations? In Theory and Application of Diagrams, (pp. 178–193). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44590-0_18
Tendick, F., Downes, M., Goktekin, T., Cavusoglu, M. Cenk, Feygin, D., Wu, X., et al. (2000). A virtual environment testbed for training laparoscopic surgical skills. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 9, 236–255. doi.org/10.1162/105474600566772
Tendick, F., & Hegarty, M. (2000). Elucidating, assessing, and training spatial skills in minimally invasive surgery using virtual environments. Proceedings of the AAAI Spring Symposium, 148–155. PDF
1999
Hegarty, M., & Kozhevnikov, M. (1999). Types of visual–spatial representations and mathematical problem solving. Journal of Educational Psychology, 91, 684. doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.91.4.684
Hegarty, M., Kozhevnikov, M., Gero, J. S., & Tversky, B. (1999). Spatial abilities, working memory and mechanical reasoning. Visual and Spatial Reasoning in Design, 99.
Hegarty, M., Quilici, J., Narayanan, N.H., Holmquist, S., & Moreno, R. (1999). Multimedia instruction: Lessons from evaluation of a theory-based design. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 8, 119–50.
Kozhevnikov, M., & Hegarty, M. (1999). Representational momentum or representationl impetus. Meeting on Visual and Spatial Reasoning in Design, Cambridge, MA.
Kozhevnikov, M., Hegarty, M., & Mayer, R. (1999). Students' use of imagery in solving qualitative problems in kinematics.
Lovelace, K. L., Hegarty, M., & Montello, D. R. (1999). Elements of good route directions in familiar and unfamiliar environments. In Spatial Information Theory: Cognitive and Computational Foundations of Geographic Information Science (pp. 65–82). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48384-5_5
Montello, D. R., Richardson, A. E., Hegarty, M., & Provenza, M. (1999). A comparison of methods for estimating directions in egocentric space. Perception-London, 28, 981–1000. doi.org/10.1068/p280981
Revlin, R., & Hegarty, M. (1999). Resolving signals to cohesion: Two models of bridging inference. Discourse Processes, 27, 77–102. PDF
Richardson, A. E., Montello, D. R., & Hegarty, M. (1999). Spatial knowledge acquisition from maps and from navigation in real and virtual environments. Memory & cognition, 27, 741–750. doi.org/10.3758/BF03211566
Shah, P., Mayer, R. E., & Hegarty, M. (1999). Graphs as aids to knowledge construction: Signaling techniques for guiding the process of graph comprehension. Journal of Educational Psychology, 91, 690. doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.91.4.690
1998
Hansen, S., Schrimpsher, D., Narayanan, N.H., & Hegarty, M. (1998). Empirical studies of animation-embedded hypermedia algorithm visualizations. Tech. Rep. CSE98-06. Computer Science and Software Engineering Dept. Auburn University. PDF
Hegarty, M., Quilici, J., Narayanan, N.H., Holmquist, S., & Moreno, R. (1998). Designing hypermedia manuals to explain how machines work: Lessons from evaluation of a theory-based design. PDF
Mayer, R. E., Lewis, A. Bovenmyer, & Hegarty, M. (1998). Misunderstandings: Qualitative reasoning about quantitative Problems. Introductory Readings for Cognitive Psychology, 168. doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4115(08)60886-9
Narayanan, N. H., & Hegarty, M. (1998). Intelligible multimedia. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84, 444–452. PDF
Narayanan, N.H., & Hegarty, M. (1998). On designing comprehensible interactive hypermedia manuals. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 48, 267–301. doi.org/10.1006/ijhc.1997.0169
1997
Hegarty, M., & Steinhoff, K. (1997). Individual differences in use of diagrams as external memory in mechanical reasoning. Learning and Individual Differences, 9, 19–42. doi.org/10.1016/S1041-6080(97)90018-2
Narayanan, N. H., & Hegarty, M. (1997). Model-based design of hypermedia presentations. In CHI'97 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems: Looking to the Future, (pp. 355–356). ACM. doi.org/10.1145/1120212.1120431
Narayanan, N. H., & Hegarty, M. (1997). On designing comprehensible interactive hypermedia manuals. doi.org/10.1006/ijhc.1997.0169
Sims, V. K., & Hegarty, M. (1997). Mental animation in the visuospatial sketchpad: Evidence from dual-task studies. Memory & Cognition, 25, 321–332. doi.org/10.3758/BF03211288
1996
Mayer, R. E., & Hegarty, M. (1996). The process of understanding mathematical problems. The Nature of Mathematical Thinking, 29–53.
Schwartz, D., & Hegarty, M. (1996). Coordinating multiple mental representations for reasoning about mechanical devices. AAAI Spring Symposium on Cognitive and Computational Models of Spatial Representation, 101–109.
1995
Ferguson, E. L., & Hegarty, M. (1995). Learning with real machines or diagrams: Application of knowledge to real-world problems. Cognition and Instruction, 13, 129–160. doi.org/10.1207/s1532690xci1301_4
Hegarty, M., Mayer, R. E., & Monk, C. A. (1995). Comprehension of arithmetic word problems: A comparison of successful and unsuccessful problem solvers. Journal of Educational Psychology, 87, 18. doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.87.1.18
1994
Ferguson, E. L, & Hegarty, M. (1994). Properties of cognitive maps constructed from texts. Memory & Cognition, 22, 455–473. doi.org/10.3758/BF03200870
Hegarty, M., & Sims, V. K. (1994). Individual differences in mental animation during mechanical reasoning. Memory & Cognition, 22, 411–430. doi.org/10.3758/BF03200867
1993
Hegarty, M., & Just, M. A. (1993). Constructing mental models of machines from text and diagrams. Journal of Memory and Language, 32, 717–742. doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1993.1036
1992
Hegarty, M., Mayer, R. E., & Green, C. E. (1992). Comprehension of arithmetic word problems: Evidence from students' eye fixations. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84, 76. PDF
Hegarty, M. (1992). Mental animation: inferring motion from static displays of mechanical systems. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 18, 1084. doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.18.5.1084
Hegarty, M. (1992). The mechanics of comprehension and comprehension of mechanics. In Eye movements and visual cognition (pp. 428–443). Springer New York. doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2852-3_26
Mayer, R. E., Lewis, A. Bovenmyer, & Hegarty, M. (1992). Mathematical misunderstandings: Qualitative reasoning about quantitative problems. The Nature and Origins of Mathematical Skills, 137–153. doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4115(08)60886-9
1991
Hegarty, M., Carpenter, P. A., & Just, M. Adam. (1991). Diagrams in the comprehension of scientific texts.
Hegarty, M. (1991). Knowledge and processes in mechanical problem solving. In R. J. Sternberg & P. A. Frensch (Eds.), Complex Problem Solving: Principles and Mechanisms (pp. 253-285). Hillsdale, NJ, US: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
1989
Hegarty, M., & Just, M. Adam. (1989). Understanding machines from text and diagrams. In knowledge acquisition from text and pictures (p. 171). Elsevier. doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4115(08)62154-8
1988
Hegarty, M., Just, M. Adam, & Morrison, I. R. (1988). Mental models of mechanical systems: Individual differences in qualitative and quantitative reasoning. Cognitive Psychology, 20, 191–236. doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(88)90019-9
1987
Greaney, V., & Hegarty, M. (1987). Correlates of leisure-time reading. Journal of Research in Reading, 10, 3–20. doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9817.1987.tb00278.x
Just, M. A., & Hegarty, M. (1987). Understanding Machines from Text and Diagrams. CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY.
